Classification of defects.

  1. Law
  2. CFR 7
  3. Agriculture
  4. Regulations of the Department of Agriculture
  5. Agricultural Marketing Service (Standards, Inspections, Marketing Practices), Department of Agriculture
  6. Requirements and Standards Under the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 and the Egg Products Inspection Act
  7. Fresh Fruits, Vegetables, and Other Products (Inspection, Certification, and Standards)
  8. United States Standards for Grades of Florida Grapefruit
  9. Definitions
  10. Classification of defects.

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§ 51.784 Classification of defects.

Table I

Factor Injury Damage Serious damage Very serious damage
Ammoniation Not occurring as light speck type Scars are cracked or dark and aggregating more than a circle 1 inch (25.4 mm) in diameter Aggregating more than 25 percent of the surface.
Bruises Segment walls are collapsed, or rag is ruptured and juice sacs are ruptured Segment walls are collapsed, or rag is ruptured and juice sacs are ruptured Segment walls are collapsed, or rag is ruptured and juice sacs are ruptured Fruit is split open, peel is badly watersoaked, or rag is ruptured and juice sacs are ruptured causing a mushy condition affecting all segments more than 3⁄4 inch (19.1 mm) at bruised area or the equivalent of this amount, by volume, when affecting more than one area on the fruit.
Buckskin Aggregating more than a circle 1- 1⁄4 inches (31.8 mm) in diameter Aggregating more than 25 percent of the surface Aggregating more than 50 percent of the surface.
Caked melanose Aggregating more than a circle 3⁄4 inch (19.1 mm) in diameter Aggregating more than a circle 1 inch (25.4 mm) in diameter Aggregating more than 25 percent of the surface.
Dryness or mushy condition Affecting all segments more than 1⁄4 inch (6.4 mm) at stem end, or the equivalent of this amount, by volume, when occurring in other portions of the fruit Affecting all segments more than 1⁄2 inch (12.7 mm) at stem end, or the equivalent of this amount, by volume, when occurring in other portions of the fruit Affecting all segments more than 3⁄4 inch (19.1 mm) at stem end, or the equivalent of this amount, by volume, when occurring in other portions of the fruit.
Green spots Aggregating more than a circle 1⁄2 inch (12.7 mm) in diameter, caused by scale Aggregating more than a circle 3⁄4 inch (19.1 mm) in diameter, caused by scale Aggregating more than a circle 1 inch (25.4 mm) in diameter, caused by scale Aggregating more than 1⁄3 of the surface, caused by scale.
Oil spots Aggregating more than a circle 1⁄2 inch (12.7 mm) in diameter Aggregating more than a circle 1 inch (25.4 mm) in diameter Aggregating more than a circle 11⁄2 inches (38.1 mm) in diameter Aggregating more than 1⁄3 of the surface.
Scab Materially detracts from the shape or texture, or aggregating more than a circle 3⁄4 inch (19.1 mm) in diameter Seriously detracts from the shape or texture, or aggregating more than a circle 7⁄8 inch (22.2 mm) in diameter Aggregating more than 25 percent of the surface.
Scale More than a few adjacent to the “button” at the stem end, or more than 6 scattered on other portions of the fruit Blotch aggregating more than a circle 3⁄4 inch (19.1 mm) in diameter, or occurring as a ring more than a circle 13⁄4 inches (31.8 mm) in diameter Blotch aggregating more than a circle 1 inch (25.4 mm) in diameter, or occurring as a ring more than a circle 11⁄2 inches (38.1 mm) in diameter. Aggregating more than 25 percent of the surface.
Scars, Hail, or Thorn scratches [For smooth or fairly smooth superficial scars see § 51.770.] Depressed, not smooth, or detracts from appearance more than the amount of discoloration permitted in the grade Very deep or very rough aggregating more than a circle 1⁄2 inch (12.7 mm) in diameter; deep or rough aggregating more than a circle 1 inch (25.4 mm) in diameter; slightly rough or of slight depth aggregating more than 10 percent of fruit surface Very deep or very rough aggregating more than a circle 1 inch (25.4 mm) in diameter; deep or rough aggregating more than 5 percent of fruit surface; slight depth or slightly rough aggregating more than 15 percent of fruit surface Very deep or very rough or unsightly that appearance is very seriously affected.
Skin breakdown Aggregating more than a circle 3⁄8 inch (9.5 mm) in diameter Aggregating more than a circle 3⁄4 inch (19.1 mm) in diameter Aggregating more than a circle 1 inch (25.4 mm) in diameter Aggregating more than 25 percent of the surface.
Sprayburn Aggregating more than a circle 3⁄4 inch (19.1 mm) in diameter Hard and aggregating more than a circle 11⁄2 inches (38.1 mm) in diameter Aggregating more than 25 percent of the surface.
Sprouting More than six seeds have sprouts of more than 1⁄4 inch (6.4 mm) in length, or more than 3 seeds with sprouts over 3⁄4 inch (19.1 mm) in length More than six seeds have sprouts of more than 1⁄2 inch (12.7 mm) in length, or more than 3 seeds with sprouts over 1 inch (25.4 mm) in length More than six seeds have sprouts of more than 3⁄4 inch (19.1 mm) in length, or more than 3 seeds with sprouts over 11⁄4 inches (31.8 mm) in length.
Sunburn Skin is flattened, dry, darkened, or hard and the affected area exceeds 25 percent of the surface Skin is hard and affects more than one-third of the surface Aggregating more than 50 percent of the surface.

Note: All references to area or aggregating area, or length in this standard are based on a grapefruit 41⁄8 inches (104.8 mm) in diameter, allowing proportionately greater areas on larger fruit and lesser areas on smaller fruit.


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