766.60 Optional forms of holding property; survivorship ownership.
(1) Spouses may hold marital property in a form that designates the holders of it by the words “(name of one spouse) or (name of other spouse) as marital property".
(2) Spouses may hold marital property in a form that designates the holder of it by the words “(name of one spouse) and (name of other spouse) as marital property".
(3) A spouse may hold individual property in a form that designates the holder of it by the words “(name of spouse) as individual property".
(4)
(a) Spouses may hold property in any other form permitted by law, including but not limited to a concurrent form or a form that provides survivorship ownership. Except as provided in par. (b) and except with respect to any remedy a spouse has under this chapter, whether a tenancy in common or joint tenancy was created before or after the determination date, to the extent the incidents of the tenancy in common or joint tenancy conflict with or differ from the incidents of property classification under this chapter, the incidents of the tenancy in common or of the joint tenancy, including the incident of survivorship, control.
(b)
1. Except as provided in subd. 2. or in a marital property agreement under s. 766.58:
a. If a document of title, instrument of transfer or bill of sale expresses an intent to establish a joint tenancy exclusively between spouses after the determination date, the property is survivorship marital property under sub. (5).
b. If a document of title, instrument of transfer or bill of sale expresses an intent to establish a tenancy in common exclusively between spouses after the determination date, the property is marital property.
2. A joint tenancy or tenancy in common exclusively between spouses which is given to the spouses by a 3rd party after the determination date is survivorship marital property or marital property, respectively, unless the donor provides otherwise.
(5)
(a) If the words “survivorship marital property" are used instead of the words “marital property" in the form described in sub. (1) or (2), the marital property so held is survivorship marital property. On the death of a spouse, the ownership rights of that spouse in the property vest solely in the surviving spouse by nontestamentary disposition at death. The first deceased spouse may not dispose at death of any interest in survivorship marital property. Holding marital property in a form described in sub. (1) or (2) does not alone establish survivorship ownership between the spouses with respect to the property held.
(b) A real estate mortgage, a security interest under ch. 409 or a lien under s. 71.91 (5) (b) or ch. 49 or 779 on or against the interest of a spouse in survivorship marital property does not defeat the right of survivorship on the death of the spouse. The surviving spouse takes the interest of the deceased spouse subject to the mortgage, security interest or lien.
(c) A judgment lien on the interest of a spouse in survivorship marital property does not defeat the right of survivorship on the death of the spouse. If execution on the judgment lien was issued before the spouse's death the surviving spouse takes the interest of the deceased spouse subject to the lien. If execution on the judgment lien was not issued before the spouse's death, the surviving spouse takes the interest of the deceased spouse free of the judgment lien, unless the judgment lien is on the interests of both spouses in the survivorship marital property and all of the property of the spouses was available under s. 766.55 to satisfy the obligation for which the judgment was rendered.
History: 1983 a. 186; 1985 a. 37; 1987 a. 27 s. 3202 (47) (a); 1987 a. 312 s. 17; 1991 a. 301.
NOTE: 1991 Wis. Act 301, contains legislative council notes.
When land contract sellers who owned the property as survivorship marital property, received the property back from the buyers by quitclaim deed in lieu of foreclosure, the sellers' ownership interest could not be changed by the deed to other than survivorship property. Wonka v. Estate of Bierbrauer, 2001 WI App 274, 249 Wis. 2d 23, 637 N.W.2d 92, 01-0184.
A deed from one joint tenant in property as grantor to the grantor's spouse and the grantor as grantees is effective to both create survivorship marital property between the spouses in the grantor's undivided one-half of the property and to sever the joint tenancy between the original joint tenants in the property. Marchel v. Estate of Marchel, 2013 WI App 100, 349 Wis. 2d 707, 838 N.W.2d 97, 12-2131.