256.12 Emergency medical services programs.
(1) Definition. In this section, “public agency" has the meaning given in s. 256.15 (1) (n).
(2) Emergency medical services programs.
(a) Any county, city, town, village, hospital, ambulance service provider, or combination thereof may, after submission of a plan approved by the department, conduct an emergency medical services program using emergency medical services practitioners for the delivery of emergency medical care to sick, disabled, or injured individuals at the scene of an emergency and during transport to a hospital, while in the hospital emergency department until responsibility for care is assumed by the regular hospital staff, and during transfer of a patient between health care facilities. An ambulance service provider may, after submission of a plan approved by the department, conduct an emergency medical services program using emergency medical services practitioners for the delivery of emergency medical care to sick, disabled, or injured individuals during transfer of the individuals between health care facilities. Nothing in this section prohibits an emergency medical services program from using community paramedics and community emergency medical services practitioners for services described in ss. 256.205 (6) and 256.21 (6) or from providing nonemergency services in accordance with s. 256.15 (6p). Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit the operation of fire department, police department, for-profit ambulance service provider, or other emergency vehicles using the services of emergency medical services practitioners in conjunction with a program approved by the department. Hospitals that offer approved training courses for emergency medical services practitioners should, if feasible, serve as the base of operation for approved programs using emergency medical services practitioners.
(b) The department shall review and, if the department determines that the plans are satisfactory, approve the plans submitted under par. (a). The department shall:
1. Provide administrative support and technical assistance to emergency medical services programs that use emergency medical services practitioners or ambulance service providers.
2. Coordinate the activities of agencies and organizations providing training for the delivery of emergency medical services.
3. Assist the development of training for emergency medical services practitioners.
4. Assess the emergency medical resources and services of the state and encourage the allocation of resources to areas of identified need.
5. Assist hospitals in planning for appropriate and efficient handling of the critically ill and injured.
(2m) State medical director for emergency medical services program.
(a) The department shall contract with a physician to direct the state emergency medical services program. The department may expend from the funding under the federal preventive health services project grant program under 42 USC 2476 under the appropriation account under s. 20.435 (1) (mc), $25,000 in each fiscal year for this purpose.
(b) The physician under par. (a) shall be called the state medical director for the emergency medical services program, shall have at least 3 years of experience in the conduct and delivery of prehospital emergency medical services as a physician practicing emergency or prehospital medicine in a hospital or agency and shall have actively participated in and had major responsibility for the development, management, execution and coordination of programs, policies and procedures in the delivery of emergency medical services.
(4) Support and improvement of ambulance services.
(a) From the appropriation account under s. 20.435 (1) (ch), the department shall annually distribute funds for ambulance service vehicles or vehicle equipment, emergency medical services supplies or equipment or emergency medical training for personnel to an ambulance service provider that is a public agency, a volunteer fire department or a nonprofit corporation, under a funding formula consisting of an identical base amount for each ambulance service provider plus a supplemental amount based on the population of the ambulance service provider's primary service or contract area, as established under s. 256.15 (5).
(b) If a public agency has contracted for ambulance service with an ambulance service provider that operates for profit, the department shall distribute funds under par. (a) to the public agency.
(c) Funds distributed under par. (a) or (b) shall supplement existing, budgeted moneys of or provided to an ambulance service provider and may not be used to replace, decrease or release for alternative purposes the existing, budgeted moneys of or provided to the ambulance service provider. In order to ensure compliance with this paragraph, the department shall require, as a condition of relicensure, a financial report of expenditures under this subsection from an ambulance service provider and may require a financial report of expenditures under this subsection from an owner or operator of an ambulance service or a public agency, volunteer fire department or a nonprofit corporation with which an ambulance service provider has contracted to provide ambulance services.
(5) Emergency medical services practitioner and emergency medical responder training and examination aid.
(a) From the appropriation account under s. 20.435 (1) (ch), the department shall annually distribute funds to ambulance service providers that are public agencies, volunteer fire departments, or nonprofit corporations to purchase the training required for licensure and renewal of licensure as an emergency medical technician under s. 256.15 (6) or for certification and renewal of certification as an emergency medical responder under s. 256.15 (8), and to pay for administration of the examination required for licensure or renewal of licensure as an emergency medical technician under s. 256.15 (6) (a) 3. and (b) 1. or certification or renewal of certification as an emergency medical responder under s. 256.15 (8).
(am) If an ambulance service provider does not use funds received under par. (a) within a calendar year, the ambulance service provider may escrow those funds in the year in which the funds are distributed to the ambulance service provider. In a subsequent year, an ambulance service provider may use escrowed funds to purchase the training required for certification or renewal of certification as an emergency medical responder or licensure or renewal of licensure as an emergency medical services practitioner at any level or to pay for administration of the examination required for certification or renewal of certification as an emergency medical responder or for licensure or renewal of licensure as an emergency medical services practitioner at any level.
(b) The department shall require as a condition of relicensure that an ambulance service provider submit to the department a financial report on the expenditure of funds received under par. (a).
(6) Unlicensed operation.
(a) In this subsection, “person" has the meaning specified in s. 256.15 (1) (L).
(b) Notwithstanding the existence or pursuit of any other remedy, the department may, in the manner provided by law, upon the advice of the attorney general, who shall represent the department in all proceedings, institute an action in the name of the state against any person to restrain or prevent the establishment, management or operation of any emergency medical services program that is not approved under sub. (2) (a) or that is in violation of this section or a rule promulgated under this section.
(7) Insurance. A physician who participates in an emergency medical services program under this section or as required under s. 256.15 shall purchase health care liability insurance in compliance with subch. III of ch. 655, except for those acts or omissions of a physician who, as a medical director, reviews the performance of emergency medical services practitioners or ambulance service providers, as specified under s. 146.37 (1g).
(8) Exception to treatment. This section and the rules promulgated under this section may not be construed to authorize the provision of services or treatment to any individual who objects for reasons of religion to the treatment or services, but may be construed to authorize the transportation of such an individual to a facility of the individual's choice within the jurisdiction of the emergency medical service.
History: 1989 a. 102 ss. 15 to 17, 23, 25, 26, 60; 1991 a. 39, 269; 1993 a. 16, 251, 399, 491; 1997 a. 27, 79; 2001 a. 16, 109; 2005 a. 25; 2007 a. 130 ss. 130, 131, 137 to 149; Stats. 2007 s. 256.12; 2009 a. 28; 2017 a. 12, 66, 96.