§ 4164. Miscellaneous provisions
(a) Nothing in this subchapter shall be construed to reduce the liability for unpaid assessments of the insureds of an impaired or insolvent insurer operating under a plan with assessment liability.
(b) Records shall be kept of all negotiations and meetings in which the Association or its representatives are involved to discuss the activities of the Association in carrying out its powers and duties under section 4158 of this title. Records of such negotiations or meetings shall be made public only upon the termination of a liquidation, rehabilitation, or conservation proceeding involving the impaired or insolvent insurer, upon the termination of the impairment or insolvency of the insurer, or upon the order of a court of competent jurisdiction. Nothing in this subsection shall limit the duty of the Association to render a report of its activities under section 4165 of this title.
(c) For the purpose of carrying out its obligations under this subchapter, the Association shall be deemed to be a creditor of the impaired or insolvent insurer to the extent of assets attributable to covered policies reduced by any amounts to which the Association is entitled as subrogee pursuant to subdivision 4158(7) of this title. All assets of the impaired or insolvent insurer attributable to covered policies shall be used to continue all covered policies and pay all contractual obligations of the impaired or insolvent insurer as required by this subchapter. Assets attributable to covered policies, as used in this subsection, is that proportion of the assets which the reserves that should have been established for such policies bear to the reserves that should have been established for all policies of insurance written by the impaired or insolvent insurer.
(d)(1) Prior to the termination of any liquidation, rehabilitation, or conservation proceeding, the Court may take into consideration the contributions of the respective parties, including the Association, the shareholders and policyowners of the impaired or insolvent insurer, and any other party with a bona fide interest, in making an equitable distribution of the ownership rights of such impaired or insolvent insurer. In such a determination, consideration shall be the welfare of the policyholders of the continuing or successor insurer.
(2) No distribution to stockholders, if any, of an impaired or insolvent insurer shall be made until and unless the total amount of assessments levied by the Association with respect to such insurer have been fully recovered by the Association.
(e) No person shall make use in any manner of the protection afforded by this subchapter as a reason for buying insurance from him or her and the license of any person violating this provision may be revoked by the Commissioner.
(f)(1) If an order for liquidation or rehabilitation of an insurer domiciled in this State has been entered, the receiver appointed under such order shall have a right to recover on behalf of the insurer from any affiliate that controlled it the amount of distributions, other than stock dividends paid by the insurer on its capital stock, at any time during the five years preceding the petition for liquidation or rehabilitation subject to the limitations of subdivisions (2)-(4) of this subsection.
(2) No such distribution shall be recoverable if the insurer shows that when paid the distribution was lawful and reasonable, and that the insurer did not know and could not reasonably have known that the distribution might adversely affect the ability of the insurer to fulfill its contractual obligations.
(3) Any person who was an affiliate that controlled the insurer at the time the distributions were paid shall be liable up to the amount of distributions he or she received. Any person who was an affiliate that controlled the insurer at the time the distributions were declared shall be liable up to the amount of distributions he or she would have received if they had been paid immediately. If two persons are liable with respect to the same distributions they shall be jointly and severally liable.
(4) The maximum amount recoverable under this subsection shall be the amount needed in excess of all other available assets to pay the contractual obligations of the impaired or insolvent insurer.
(5) If any person liable under subdivision (3) of this subsection is insolvent, all its affiliates that controlled it at the time the dividend was paid shall be jointly and severally liable for any resulting deficiency in the amount recovered from the insolvent affiliate. (Added 1971, No. 170 (Adj. Sess.), § 2, eff. April 27, 1972; amended 1993, No. 55, § 8, eff. June 3, 1993; 2009, No. 137 (Adj. Sess.), § 7e, eff. May 29, 2010.)