(A)(1) When this chapter requires the department to make reasonable efforts to preserve or reunify a family and requires the family court to determine whether these reasonable efforts have been made, the child's health and safety must be the paramount concern.
(2) Reasonable efforts required pursuant to item (1) to preserve or reunify a family in which the parent or legal guardian has a disability must include efforts that are individualized and based upon a parent's or legal guardian's specific disability, including referrals for access to adaptive parenting equipment, referrals for instruction on adaptive parenting techniques, and reasonable accommodations with regard to accessing services that are otherwise made available to a parent or legal guardian who does not have a disability.
(B) The family court may rule on whether reasonable efforts to preserve or reunify a family should be required in hearings regarding removal of custody, review of amendments to a placement plan, review of the status of a child in foster care, or permanency planning or in a separate proceeding for this purpose. The court may consider this issue on the motion of a named party, the child's guardian ad litem, or the foster care review board, provided that the foster care review board has reviewed the case pursuant to Section 63-11-720 or the child has previous entry into foster care.
(C) The family court may authorize the department to terminate or forego reasonable efforts to preserve or reunify a family when the records of a court of competent jurisdiction show or when the family court determines that one or more of the following conditions exist:
(1) the parent has subjected the child or another child while residing in the parent's domicile to one or more of the following aggravated circumstances:
(a) severe or repeated abuse;
(b) severe or repeated neglect;
(c) sexual abuse;
(d) acts the judge finds constitute torture; or
(e) abandonment;
(2) the parent has been convicted of or pled guilty or nolo contendere to murder of another child, or an equivalent offense, in this jurisdiction or another;
(3) the parent has been convicted of or pled guilty or nolo contendere to voluntary manslaughter of another child, or an equivalent offense, in this jurisdiction or another;
(4) the parent has been convicted of or pled guilty or nolo contendere to aiding, abetting, attempting, soliciting, or conspiring to commit murder or voluntary manslaughter of the child or another child while residing in the parent's domicile, or an equivalent offense, in this jurisdiction or another;
(5) physical abuse of a child resulted in the death or admission to the hospital for in-patient care of that child and the abuse is the act for which the parent has been convicted of or pled guilty or nolo contendere to committing, aiding, abetting, conspiring to commit, or soliciting:
(a) an offense against the person, as provided for in Title 16, Chapter 3;
(b) criminal domestic violence, as defined in Section 16-25-20;
(c) criminal domestic violence of a high and aggravated nature, as defined in Section 16-25-65; or
(d) the common law offense of assault and battery of a high and aggravated nature, or an equivalent offense in another jurisdiction;
(6) the parental rights of the parent to another child of the parent have been terminated involuntarily;
(7) the parent has a diagnosable condition unlikely to change within a reasonable time including, but not limited to, alcohol or drug addiction, mental deficiency, mental illness, or extreme physical incapacity, and the condition makes the parent unable or unlikely to provide minimally acceptable care of the child;
(8) other circumstances exist that the court finds make continuation or implementation of reasonable efforts to preserve or reunify the family inconsistent with the permanent plan for the child.
(D) The department may proceed with efforts to place a child for adoption or with a legal guardian concurrently with making efforts to prevent removal or to make it possible for the child to return safely to the home.
(E) If the family court's decision that reasonable efforts to preserve or reunify a family are not required results from a hearing other than a permanency planning hearing, the court's order shall require that a permanency planning hearing be held within thirty days of the date of the order.
(F) In determining whether to authorize the department to terminate or forego reasonable efforts to preserve or reunify a family, the court must consider whether initiation or continuation of reasonable efforts to preserve or reunify the family is in the best interests of the child. If the court authorizes the department to terminate or forego reasonable efforts to preserve or reunify a family, the court must make specific written findings in support of its conclusion that one or more of the conditions set forth in subsection (C)(1) through (8) are shown to exist, and why continuation of reasonable efforts is not in the best interest of the child. If the court does not authorize the department to terminate or forego reasonable efforts where one or more of the conditions set forth in subsection (C)(1) through (8) are shown to exist, the court must make specific written findings in support of its conclusion that continuation of reasonable efforts is in the best interest of the child. The court must not consider the availability or lack of an adoptive resource as a reason to deny the request to terminate or forego reasonable efforts.
(G) In any case in which the court authorizes the department to terminate or forego reasonable efforts to preserve or reunify a family, the department shall file a petition for termination of parental rights within sixty days, unless there are compelling reasons why termination of parental rights would be contrary to the best interests of the child.
HISTORY: 2008 Act No. 361, Section 2; 2010 Act No. 160, Section 1, eff May 12, 2010; 2017 Act No. 36 (H.3538), Section 4, eff May 10, 2017.
Editor's Note
2010 Act No. 273, Section 7.C, provides:
"Wherever in the 1976 Code of Laws reference is made to the common law offense of assault and battery of a high and aggravated nature, it means assault and battery with intent to kill, as contained in repealed Section 16-3-620, and, except for references in Section 16-1-60 and Section 17-25-45, wherever in the 1976 Code reference is made to assault and battery with intent to kill, it means attempted murder as defined in Section 16-3-29."
Effect of Amendment
The 2010 amendment added the phrase starting with "or in a separate proceeding" to the end of the first sentence of subsection (B); added the second sentence to subsection (B); added the phrase starting "or another child" to subparagraph (C)(1); made nonsubstantive changes in subparagraph (C)(1)(d); deleted "of the parent" following "another child" in subparagraphs (C)(2), (C)(3), and (C)(5); substituted "of the child or another child while residing in the parent's domicile," for "pursuant to item (1), (2), or (3)," in subparagraph (C)(4); substituted "another child of the parent" for "a sibling of the child" in subparagraph (C)(6); added a new subparagraph (C)(7), relating to diagnosable conditions of a parent that would permit termination of reunification efforts; redesignated former subparagraph (C)(7) as subparagraph (C)(8); added the second through fourth sentences to subsection (F), relating to the requirement of written findings by the court in certain circumstances; and added subsection (G), relating to filing of a petition for termination of parental rights.
2017 Act No. 36, Section 4, inserted the (A)(1) identifier, and added (A)(2), relating to family court determinations whether to require reasonable efforts to preserve or reunify a family when the parent or legal guardian has a disability.