3224. Coal operator responsibilities.
3225. Bonding.
3226. Oil and Gas Technical Advisory Board.
3227. Air contaminant emissions.
§ 3211. Well permits.
(a) Permit required.--No person shall drill or alter a well, except for alterations which satisfy the requirements of subsection (j), without having first obtained a well permit under subsections (b), (c), (d) and (e), or operate an abandoned or orphan well unless in compliance with subsection (l). A copy of the permit shall be kept at the well site during preparation and construction of the well site or access road during drilling or alteration of the well. No person shall be required to obtain a permit to redrill a nonproducing well if the redrilling:
(1) has been evaluated and approved as part of an order from the department authorizing cleaning out and plugging or replugging a nonproducing well under section 13(c) of the act of December 18, 1984 (P.L.1069, No.214), known as the Coal and Gas Resource Coordination Act; and
(2) is incidental to a plugging or replugging operation and the well is plugged within 15 days of redrilling.
(b) Plat.--
(1) The permit application shall be accompanied by a plat prepared by a competent engineer or a competent surveyor, on forms furnished by the department, showing the political subdivision and county in which the tract of land upon which the well to be drilled, operated or altered is located; a list of municipalities adjacent to the well site; the name of the surface landowner of record and lessor; the name of all surface landowners and water purveyors whose water supplies are within 1,000 feet of the proposed well location or, in the case of an unconventional well, within 3,000 feet from the vertical well bore; the name of the owner of record or operator of all known underlying workable coal seams; the acreage in the tract to be drilled; the proposed location of the well determined by survey, courses and distances of the location from two or more permanent identifiable points or landmarks on the tract boundary corners; the proposed angle and direction of the well if the well is to be deviated substantially from a vertical course; the number or other identification to be given the well; the workable coal seams underlying the tract of land upon which the well is to be drilled or altered and which shall be cased off under section 3217 (relating to protection of fresh groundwater and casing requirements); and any other information needed by the department to administer this chapter.
(2) The applicant shall forward by certified mail a copy of the plat to the surface landowner; the municipality in which the tract of land upon which the well to be drilled is located; each municipality within 3,000 feet of the proposed unconventional vertical well bore; the municipalities adjacent to the well; all surface landowners and water purveyors, whose water supplies are within 1,000 feet of the proposed well location or, in the case of an unconventional well, within 3,000 feet of the proposed unconventional vertical well bore; storage operators within 3,000 feet of the proposed unconventional vertical well bore; the owner and lessee of any coal seams; and each coal operator required to be identified on the well permit application.
(b.1) Notification.--The applicant shall submit proof of notification with the well permit application. Notification of surface owners shall be performed by sending notice to those persons to whom the tax notices for the surface property are sent, as indicated in the assessment books in the county in which the property is located. Notification of surface landowners or water purveyors shall be on forms, and in a manner prescribed by the department, sufficient to identify the rights afforded those persons under section 3218 (relating to protection of water supplies) and to advise them of the advantages of taking their own predrilling or prealteration survey.
(b.2) Approval.--If the applicant submits to the department written approval of the proposed well location by the surface landowner and the coal operator, lessee or owner of any coal underlying the proposed well location and no objections are raised by the department within 15 days of filing, or if no approval has been submitted and no objections are made to the proposed well location within 15 days from receipt of notice by the department, the surface landowner or any coal operator, lessee or owner, the written approval shall be filed and become a permanent record of the well location, subject to inspection at any time by any interested person. The application form to operate an abandoned or orphan well shall provide notification to the applicant of its responsibilities to plug the well upon abandonment.
(c) Applicants.--If the applicant for a well permit is a corporation, partnership or person that is not a resident of this Commonwealth, the applicant shall designate the name and address of an agent for the operator who shall be the attorney-in-fact for the operator and who shall be a resident of this Commonwealth upon whom notices, orders or other communications issued under this chapter may be served and upon whom process may be served. Each well operator required to designate an agent under this section shall, within five days after termination of the designation, notify the department of the termination and designate a new agent.
(d) Permit fee.--Each application for a well permit shall be accompanied by a permit fee, established by the Environmental Quality Board, which bears a reasonable relationship to the cost of administering this chapter.
(e) Issuance of permit.--The department shall issue a permit within 45 days of submission of a permit application unless the department denies the permit application for one or more of the reasons set forth in subsection (e.1), except that the department shall have the right to extend the period for 15 days for cause shown upon notification to the applicant of the reasons for the extension. The department may impose permit terms and conditions necessary to assure compliance with this chapter or other laws administered by the department.
(e.1) Denial of permit.--The department may deny a permit for any of the following reasons:
(1) The well site for which a permit is requested is in violation of any of this chapter or issuance of the permit would result in a violation of this chapter or other applicable law.
(2) The permit application is incomplete.
(3) Unresolved objections to the well location by the coal mine owner or operator remain.
(4) The requirements of section 3225 (relating to bonding) have not been met.
(5) The department finds that the applicant, or any parent or subsidiary corporation of the applicant, is in continuing violation of this chapter, any other statute administered by the department, any regulation promulgated under this chapter or a statute administered by the department or any plan approval, permit or order of the department, unless the violation is being corrected to the satisfaction of the department. The right of the department to deny a permit under this paragraph shall not take effect until the department has taken a final action on the violations and:
(i) the applicant has not appealed the final action in accordance with the act of July 13, 1988 (P.L.530, No.94), known as the Environmental Hearing Board Act; or
(ii) if an appeal has been filed, no supersedeas has been issued.
(6) The applicant failed to pay the fee or file a report under section 2303(c) (relating to administration), unless an appeal is pending. The commission shall notify the department of any applicant who has failed to pay the fee or file a report and who does not have an appeal pending.
(f) Drilling.--
(1) Upon issuance of a permit, the well operator may drill, operate or alter at the exact location shown on the plat after providing the department, the surface landowner and the local political subdivision in which the well is to be located 24 hours' notice of the date that drilling will commence. Notification to the department must be provided electronically. If there is a break in drilling of 30 days or more, the well operator shall notify the department at least 24 hours prior to the resumption of drilling.
(2) The unconventional well operator shall provide the department 24 hours' notice prior to cementing all casing strings, conducting pressure tests of the production casing, stimulation and abandoning or plugging an unconventional well.
(3) In noncoal areas where more than one well is to be drilled as part of the same development project, only the first well of the project need be located by survey. Remaining wells of the project shall be shown on the plat in a manner prescribed by regulation.
(4) Prior to drilling each additional project well, the well operator shall notify the department and provide reasonable notice of the date on which drilling will commence.
(5) Whenever, before or during the drilling of a well not within the boundaries of an operating coal mine, the well operator encounters conditions of a nature which renders drilling of the bore hole or a portion thereof impossible, or more hazardous than usual, the well operator, upon verbal notice to the department, may immediately plug all or part of the bore hole, if drilling has occurred, and commence a new bore hole not more than 50 feet from the old bore hole if the location of the new bore hole does not violate section 3215 (relating to well location restrictions) and, in the case of a well subject to act of July 25, 1961 (P.L.825, No.359), known as the Oil and Gas Conservation Law, if the new location complies with existing laws, regulations and spacing orders and the new bore hole is at least 330 feet from the nearest lease boundary.
(6) Within ten days of commencement of the new bore hole, the well operator shall file with the department a written notice of intention to plug, a well record, a completion report, a plugging certificate for the original bore hole and an amended plat for the new bore hole.
(7) The well operator shall forward a copy of the amended plat to the surface landowner identified on the well permit application within ten days of commencement of the new well bore.
(g) Posting.--The well permit number and operator's name, address and telephone number shall be conspicuously posted at the drilling site during site preparation, including the construction of access roads, construction of the well site and during drilling, operating or alteration of the well.
(h) Labeling.--The well operator shall install the permit number issued by the department in a legible, visible and permanent manner on the well upon completion.
(i) Expiration.--Well permits issued for drilling wells under this chapter shall expire one year after issuance unless operations for drilling the well are commenced within the period and pursued with due diligence or unless the permit is renewed in accordance with regulations of the department. If drilling is commenced during the one-year period, the well permit shall remain in force until the well is plugged in accordance with section 3220 (relating to plugging requirements) or the permit is revoked. A drilling permit issued prior to April 18, 1985, for a well which is an operating well on April 18, 1985, shall remain in force as a well permit until the well is plugged in accordance with section 3220.
(j) Exceptions.--The Environmental Quality Board may establish by regulation certain categories of alterations of permitted or registered wells for which permitting requirements of this section shall not apply. A well operator or owner who proposes to conduct the alteration activity shall first obtain a permit or registration modification from the department. The Environmental Quality Board shall promulgate regulations as to the requirements for modifications.
(k) No transfer permitted.--No permit issued under this section or registration issued under section 3213 (relating to well registration and identification) may be transferred without prior approval of the department. A request for approval of a transfer shall be on the forms, and in the manner, prescribed by the department. The department shall approve or deny a transfer request within 45 days of receipt of a complete and accurate application. The department may deny a request only for reasons set forth in subsection (e.1)(4) and (5). Approval of a transfer request shall permanently transfer responsibility to plug the well under section 3220 to the recipient of the transferred permit or registration.
(l) Regulations.--The Environmental Quality Board may establish by regulation requirements for the permitting and operation of abandoned or orphan wells. A person who proposes to conduct abandoned or orphan well operations shall first obtain a permit to operate an abandoned or orphan well.
(m) Water management.--The following shall apply to water management:
(1) No person may withdraw or use water from water sources within this Commonwealth for the drilling or hydraulic fracture stimulation of any natural gas well completed in an unconventional gas formation, whether on or off of the land where the gas well is located, except in accordance with a water management plan approved by the department.
(2) The department shall review and approve water management plans based upon a determination that the proposed withdrawal, when operated in accordance with the proposed withdrawal operating conditions set forth in the plan, including conditions relating to quantity, withdrawal rate and timing and any passby flow conditions, will:
(i) not adversely affect the quantity or quality of water available to other users of the same water sources;
(ii) protect and maintain the designated and existing uses of water sources;
(iii) not cause adverse impact to water quality in the watershed considered as a whole; and
(iv) include a reuse plan for fluids that will be used to hydraulically fracture wells.
(3) As to criteria:
(i) The criteria under paragraph (2) shall be presumed to be achieved if the proposed water withdrawal has been approved by and is operated in accordance with conditions established by the Susquehanna River Basin Commission, the Delaware River Basin Commission or the Great Lakes Commission, as applicable.
(ii) Notwithstanding subparagraph (i), the department may establish additional requirements as necessary to comply with the laws of this Commonwealth.
(4) In addition to the requirements under paragraphs (1), (2) and (3), compliance with a department-approved water management plan shall be a condition of any permit issued under this chapter for the drilling or hydraulic fracture stimulation of any natural gas well completed in an unconventional formation and shall be deemed to satisfy the laws of this Commonwealth.
Special Provisions in Appendix. See section 4(3)(ii) of Act 13 of 2012 in the appendix to this title for special provisions relating to continuation of prior law.
Cross References. Section 3211 is referred to in sections 3212, 3212.1, 3215, 3218, 3234, 3258, 3271, 3273.1 of this title.