(a) Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, any reference in this chapter to corporate action to be taken by the board shall mean such action at a meeting of the board. * (b) Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation or the by-laws, any action required or permitted to be taken by the board or any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting if all members of the board or the committee consent in writing to the adoption of a resolution authorizing the action. The resolution and the written consents thereto by the members of the board or committee shall be filed with the minutes of the proceedings of the board or committee. For the duration of the state disaster emergency declared by executive order two hundred two that began on March seventh, two thousand twenty, or until December thirty-first, two thousand twenty-one, whichever is later, notwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary, the written consent of a member may be made electronically, where such consent is submitted via electronic mail along with information from which it can be reasonably determined that the transmission was authorized by such member. * NB Separately amended; cannot be put together * (b) Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation or the by-laws, any action required or permitted to be taken by the board or any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting if all members of the board or the committee consent in writing to the adoption of a resolution authorizing the action. The resolution and the written consents thereto by the members of the board or committee shall be filed with the minutes of the proceedings of the board or committee. Notwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary, the written consent of a member may be made electronically, where such consent is submitted via electronic mail, text, or other secured platform for electronic communications, along with information from which it can be reasonably determined that the transmission was authorized by such member. * NB Separately amended; cannot be put together

(c) Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation or the by-laws, any one or more members of the board or any committee thereof may participate in a meeting of such board or committee by means of a conference telephone or similar communications equipment allowing all persons participating in the meeting to hear each other at the same time. Participation by such means shall constitute presence in person at a meeting.

(d) Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, the vote of a majority of the directors present at the time of the vote, if a quorum is present at such time, shall be the act of the board.

(e) In the case of corporations owning or leasing residential premises and operating the same on a cooperative basis, changes including the adoption, amendment or repeal of the by-laws by the board of directors shall be provided to the members, stockholders, and delegates of such corporation in writing, by physical or electronic means, within ten days of such adoption.

(f) Upon the adoption, amendment or repeal of by-laws by the board of directors of a corporation owning or leasing residential premises and operating the same on a cooperative basis pursuant to subdivision (e) of this section, where such change would have a direct effect on the resident's occupancy or the rules of the building, the board of directors shall post the adopted, amended, or repealed by-laws conspicuously to ensure tenants will be aware of such adoption.