30-9A-323. Future advances. (1) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (3), for purposes of determining the priority of a perfected security interest under 30-9A-322(1)(a), perfection of the security interest dates from the time an advance is made to the extent that the security interest secures an advance that:
(a) is made while the security interest is perfected only:
(i) under 30-9A-309 when it attaches; or
(ii) temporarily under 30-9A-312(5), (6), or (7); and
(b) is not made pursuant to a commitment entered into before or while the security interest is perfected by a method other than under 30-9A-309 or 30-9A-312(5), (6), or (7).
(2) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (3), a security interest is subordinate to the rights of a person that becomes a lien creditor to the extent that the security interest secures an advance made more than 45 days after the person becomes a lien creditor unless the advance is made:
(a) without knowledge of the lien; or
(b) pursuant to a commitment entered into without knowledge of the lien.
(3) Subsections (1) and (2) do not apply to a security interest held by a secured party that is a buyer of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles, or promissory notes or a consignor.
(4) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (5), a buyer of goods other than a buyer in ordinary course of business takes free of a security interest to the extent that it secures advances made after the earlier of:
(a) the time the secured party acquires knowledge of the buyer's purchase; or
(b) 45 days after the purchase.
(5) Subsection (4) does not apply if the advance is made pursuant to a commitment entered into without knowledge of the buyer's purchase and before the expiration of the 45-day period.
(6) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (7), a lessee of goods, other than a lessee in ordinary course of business, takes the leasehold interest free of a security interest to the extent that it secures advances made after the earlier of:
(a) the time the secured party acquires knowledge of the lease; or
(b) 45 days after the lease contract becomes enforceable.
(7) Subsection (6) does not apply if the advance is made pursuant to a commitment entered into without knowledge of the lease and before the expiration of the 45-day period.
History: En. Sec. 42, Ch. 305, L. 1999; amd. Sec. 9, Ch. 179, L. 2001; Sec. 30-9-343, MCA 1999; redes. 30-9A-323 by Code Commissioner, 2001.