30-9A-109. Scope. (1) Except as otherwise provided in subsections (3) and (4), this chapter applies to:
(a) any transaction, regardless of its form, that creates a security interest in personal property or fixtures by contract;
(b) an agricultural lien;
(c) a sale of an account, chattel paper, payment intangible, or promissory note;
(d) a consignment;
(e) a security interest arising under 30-2-401, 30-2-505, 30-2-711(3), or 30-2A-508(5), to the extent provided in 30-9A-110; and
(f) a security interest arising under 30-4-208 or 30-5-118.
(2) The application of this chapter to a security interest in a secured obligation is not affected by the fact that the obligation is itself secured by a transaction or interest to which this chapter does not apply.
(3) This chapter does not apply to the extent that:
(a) a statute, regulation, or treaty of the United States preempts this chapter;
(b) another statute of this state expressly governs the creation, perfection, priority, or enforcement of a security interest created by this state or a governmental unit of this state;
(c) a statute of another state, a foreign country, or a governmental unit of another state or a foreign country, other than a statute generally applicable to security interests, expressly governs creation, perfection, priority, or enforcement of a security interest created by the state, country, or governmental unit; or
(d) the rights of a transferee beneficiary or nominated person under a letter of credit are independent and superior under 30-5-134.
(4) This chapter does not apply to:
(a) a landlord's lien, other than an agricultural lien;
(b) a lien, other than an agricultural lien, given by statute or other rule of law for services or materials, but 30-9A-333 applies with respect to priority of the lien;
(c) an assignment of a claim for wages, salary, or other compensation of an employee;
(d) a sale of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles, or promissory notes as part of a sale of the business out of which they arose;
(e) an assignment of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles, or promissory notes that is for the purpose of collection only;
(f) an assignment of a right to payment under a contract to an assignee that is also obliged to perform under the contract;
(g) an assignment of a single account, payment intangible, or promissory note to an assignee in full or partial satisfaction of a preexisting indebtedness;
(h) a transfer of an interest in or an assignment of a claim under a policy of insurance, other than an assignment by or to a health care provider of a health-care-insurance receivable and any subsequent assignment of the right to payment, but 30-9A-315 and 30-9A-322 apply with respect to proceeds and priorities in proceeds;
(i) an assignment of a right represented by a judgment, other than a judgment taken on a right to payment that was collateral;
(j) a right of recoupment or setoff, but:
(i) 30-9A-340 applies with respect to the effectiveness of rights of recoupment or setoff against deposit accounts; and
(ii) 30-9A-404 applies with respect to defenses or claims of an account debtor;
(k) the creation or transfer of an interest in or lien on real property, including a lease or rents under the interest in real property, except to the extent that provision is made for:
(i) liens on real property in 30-9A-203 and 30-9A-308;
(ii) fixtures in 30-9A-334;
(iii) fixture filings in 30-9A-501, 30-9A-502, 30-9A-512, 30-9A-516, and 30-9A-519; and
(iv) security agreements covering personal and real property in 30-9A-604;
(l) an assignment of a claim arising in tort, other than a commercial tort claim, but 30-9A-315 and 30-9A-322 apply with respect to proceeds and priorities in proceeds;
(m) a transfer by a government or governmental subdivision or agency;
(n) an assignment of a deposit account in a consumer transaction, except that 30-9A-315 and 30-9A-322 apply with respect to proceeds and priorities in proceeds; or
(o) an assignment of payments made to or on behalf of claimants pursuant to Title 39, chapter 51, 71, or 73.
History: En. Sec. 8, Ch. 305, L. 1999; amd. Sec. 5, Ch. 179, L. 2001; amd. Sec. 2, Ch. 214, L. 2001; Sec. 30-9-129, MCA 1999; redes. 30-9A-109 by Code Commissioner, 2001; amd. Sec. 7, Ch. 416, L. 2005.