Intent of Article Regarding Effect on Other Methods of Condemnation

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This article is intended to be supplementary to and cumulative of Articles 1 and 2 of this chapter in cases in which the State of Georgia, the United States, or any person having the privilege of exercising the right of eminent domain is concerned. This article is also intended to make simpler and more effective the method of condemnation in those cases where conflicting interests or doubtful questions render a judicial supervision of the procedure desirable. In all particulars not otherwise specially provided for in this article, the court shall conform its procedure as nearly as possible to Articles 1 and 2 of this chapter, and the same shall remain in force.

(Ga. L. 1914, p. 92, § 9; Code 1933, § 36-1115; Ga. L. 1937-38, Ex. Sess., p. 251, § 1.)

RESEARCH REFERENCES

ALR.

- Condemnation by de facto corporation, 44 A.L.R. 542.

CHAPTER 3 EXERCISE OF POWER OF EMINENT DOMAIN FOR SPECIAL PURPOSES Article 1 Construction, Maintenance, and Operation of Telegraph and Telephone Lines Along Railroad Rights of Way.
  • 22-3-1. Direction and contents of notice of condemnation.
  • 22-3-2. Manner of service of notice.
  • 22-3-3. Necessity for only one proceeding; location of proceedings; form of assessors' findings.
  • 22-3-4. Location of hearing before assessors; evidence upon which findings may be based.
Article 2 Construction and Operation of Electric Power Plants. Part 1

G

ENERAL PROVISIONS

  • 22-3-20. Power of persons operating or constructing electric plants to purchase, lease, or condemn rights of way and easements.
  • 22-3-21. Payment of compensation or damages.
  • 22-3-22. Condemnation of mills, factories, and dams.
Part 2 ACQUISITION OF RIGHT TO FLOOD ROADS AND HIGHWAYS.
  • 22-3-40. "Public road" and "public highway" defined.
  • 22-3-41. Power to acquire right to flood roads and highways.
  • 22-3-42. Notice of intention to condemn.
  • 22-3-43. Condemnation procedure; authorization of officers to act for state or county.
  • 22-3-44. Appeal to superior court.
  • 22-3-45. Rights of condemnor pending appeal.
  • 22-3-46. Restrictions on use of condemned road or highway by condemnor.
  • 22-3-47. Effect of part on rights of action of property owners and public utilities.
Article 3 Construction and Operation of Waterworks and Sanitary Sewage Systems.
  • 22-3-60. Authority to lease, purchase, or condemn property or receive donations for waterworks and sewage systems.
  • 22-3-61. Condemnation procedure.
  • 22-3-62. Applicability of article.
  • 22-3-63. Authority to condemn property for purpose of constructing a waterworks, water distribution system, sewage collection system, or sewage treatment and disposal system.
Article 4 Construction and Operation of Petroleum Pipelines.
  • 22-3-80. Definitions.
  • 22-3-81. Right to acquire property or property interests by eminent domain.
  • 22-3-82. General certificate and permitting requirements.
  • 22-3-83. Certificate of public convenience and necessity; requirements.
  • 22-3-84. Notice to landowner.
  • 22-3-85. Use of condemnation procedures.
Article 4A Natural or Artificial Gas.
  • 22-3-95. Eminent domain use by natural gas transporters or distributors.
Article 5 Construction and Operation of Water- shed Projects, Flood-Control Projects and Related Recreational Projects by Counties. Article 6
  • 22-3-100. Authority of counties to exercise power of eminent domain.
  • 22-3-101. Condemnation procedure.
  • 22-3-102. Requirement of condemnation of fee simple title to land to be flooded permanently.
Construction of lighthouses and other navigational aids by United States government. Article 7
  • 22-3-120. Condemnation for construction of lighthouses, beacons, and other navigational aides.
  • 22-3-121. Acquisition of right to enter lands and clear or cut timber for purposes of carrying out survey of coasts - Generally.
  • 22-3-122. Acquisition of right to enter lands and clear or cut timber for purposes of carrying out survey of coasts - Manner of assessment where parties cannot agree on compensation.
Ownership or Operation of Utility Systems. Article 8
  • 22-3-140. Authorization to utilize the declaration of taking method of eminent domain.
Electric Transmission Lines. Cross references. - Right of State Transportation Board to exercise right of eminent domain to acquire sites for airports, landing fields, and air navigation facilities, § 6-3-1.
  • 22-3-160. "Utility" defined.
  • 22-3-160.1. Public hearings required; exception to hearing requirement.
  • 22-3-161. Selection of route for electric transmission line; settlement negotiations with property owners.
  • 22-3-162. Application; additional compensation or reconveyance.

Power of municipal and county housing authorities to exercise power of eminent domain generally, § 8-3-31.

Exercise of power of eminent domain for public school purposes, § 20-2-521.

Authority of board of regents to exercise power of eminent domain, § 20-3-58.

Authority of Department of Transportation to exercise power of eminent domain, § 32-2-2(a)(8).

Exercise of power of eminent domain for public road purposes, § 32-3-1 et seq.

ARTICLE 1 CONSTRUCTION, MAINTENANCE, AND OPERATION OF TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE LINES ALONG RAILROAD RIGHTS OF WAY

Cross references.

- Similar provisions regarding exercise of power of eminent domain for purposes of constructing and operating telephone and telegraph lines along public highways or railroad rights of way, § 46-5-1.

JUDICIAL DECISIONS

This procedure affords due process of law to the railroad companies whose property is sought to be condemned. Savannah, Fla. & W. Ry. v. Postal Telegraph-Cable Co., 115 Ga. 554, 42 S.E. 1 (1902); Western & Atl. R.R. v. Western Union Tel. Co., 138 Ga. 420, 75 S.E. 471, 42 L.R.A. (n.s.) 225 (1912).

The necessity for taking private property for public use is a question for legislative determination, and the provisions relating to such taking are not, because they fail to provide for a special tribunal to pass upon such necessity, violative of the constitutional prohibition against taking the property without due process of law. Savannah, Fla. & W. Ry. v. Postal Telegraph-Cable Co., 115 Ga. 554, 42 S.E. 1 (1902).

Failure to provide for appeal does not render statute unconstitutional.

- Although a statute authorizing exercise of eminent domain may not provide for appeal from the award of the assessors, it is not, for this reason, unconstitutional. Savannah, Fla. & W. Ry. v. Postal Telegraph-Cable Co., 112 Ga. 941, 38 S.E. 353 (1901).

Party with right to condemn has large discretion in selection of particular property to be condemned; therefore, in the absence of bad faith, the determination by the condemnor of reasonable necessity for acquiring the condemnee's land cannot be disturbed by a court on appeal. Harwell v. Georgia Power Co., 154 Ga. App. 142, 267 S.E.2d 769, aff'd, 246 Ga. 203, 269 S.E.2d 464 (1980).

Telegraph company does not acquire fee, but only easement in right of way of a railway company condemned for the purpose of constructing a telegraph line; the easement embraces land actually occupied by poles and fixtures for guy wires, the right to stretch wires on poles, and to enter upon right of way to construct and repair telegraph line. Atlantic Coast Line R.R. v. Postal Telegraph-Cable Co., 120 Ga. 268, 48 S.E. 15, 1 Ann. Cas. 734 (1904).

Proposed telegraph line must produce no material interference with railroad operation.

- A telegraph company may condemn a right of way on and along the right of way of a railroad company, when the proposed line of telegraph will be so constructed as to produce no material interference with the railroad company's free exercise of its franchise or with the actual operation of the railroad. Western & Atl. R.R. v. Western Union Tel. Co., 138 Ga. 420, 75 S.E. 471, 42 L.R.A. (n.s.) 225 (1912).

Law does not contemplate that telegraph company can arbitrarily condemn both sides of railroad track for the construction of lines on both sides of the track, when the necessary wires could be strung upon poles on one side of the track. Western & Atl. R.R. v. Western Union Tel. Co., 138 Ga. 420, 75 S.E. 471, 42 L.R.A. (n.s.) 225 (1912).

Elements to be considered in determination of damages.

- See Atlantic Coast Line R.R. v. Postal Telegraph-Cable Co., 120 Ga. 268, 48 S.E. 15, 1 Ann. Cas. 734 (1904); Western & Atl. R.R. v. Western Union Tel. Co., 138 Ga. 420, 75 S.E. 471, 42 L.R.A. (n.s.) 225 (1912).

Measure of damages in condemnation case is value of land actually taken, and the extent to which the value and use of the right of way by the railway company is diminished by its use by the telegraph company. Atlantic Coast Line R.R. v. Postal Telegraph-Cable Co., 120 Ga. 268, 48 S.E. 15, 1 Ann. Cas. 734 (1904).

Value of right of way for other uses cannot be considered.

- In arriving at the value of the land actually appropriated, the general salable value of the right of way for other uses than that to which it is applied by the railway company cannot be considered; the appropriation to public use amounts to a withdrawal of the right of way from any use except that which is necessary or ancillary to the operation of the railroad. Atlantic Coast Line R.R. v. Postal Telegraph-Cable Co., 120 Ga. 268, 48 S.E. 15, 1 Ann. Cas. 734 (1904).

Peculiar advantages of right of way not proper element of damages.

- That the right of way may possess peculiar advantages and benefits to the telegraph company in the construction and maintenance of its line is not a proper element in the estimate of damages. Atlantic Coast Line R.R. v. Postal Telegraph-Cable Co., 120 Ga. 268, 48 S.E. 15, 1 Ann. Cas. 734 (1904).

Appeal from assessors' award under former Civil Code 1895, § 4678 (see O.C.G.A. § 22-2-80) was permitted in a proceeding under Ga. L. 1898, p. 54, § 1 et seq. (see O.C.G.A. § 22-3-1 et seq.). Atlantic Coast Line R.R. v. Postal Telegraph-Cable Co., 120 Ga. 268, 48 S.E. 15, 1 Ann. Cas. 734 (1904).

Amount of compensation is issue of fact for jury on appeal.

- On appeal from the award of the assessors in a condemnation proceeding, the issue of fact for the jury is the amount of compensation to be paid for the property taken or damaged for public purposes. Atlantic Coast Line R.R. v. Postal Telegraph-Cable Co., 120 Ga. 268, 48 S.E. 15, 1 Ann. Cas. 734 (1904).

Telegraph company may begin construction pending appeal after depositing award.

- A telegraph company which has proceeded to condemn a sufficiency of the right of way of railway company for purpose of erecting a telegraph line may, pending an appeal from the award of the assessors, lawfully proceed to construct its line on the right of way after it has deposited the amount of the award in the office of the clerk of the superior court of the county where such proceedings were had. Savannah, Fla. & W. Ry. v. Postal Telegraph-Cable Co., 115 Ga. 554, 42 S.E. 1 (1902).

RESEARCH REFERENCES

Am. Jur. 2d.

- 26 Am. Jur. 2d, Eminent Domain, § 144 et seq.

C.J.S.

- 29A C.J.S., Eminent Domain, § 27 et seq.

ALR.

- Right to and measure of compensation to owner of fee when telegraph or telephone line is erected along railroad right of way or highway, 19 A.L.R. 383.

Condemnation of premises or part thereof as affecting rights of landlord and tenant inter se, 163 A.L.R. 679.

Condemnor's waiver, surrender, or limitation, after award, of rights or part of property acquired by condemnation, 5 A.L.R.2d 724.

State statute of limitations applicable to inverse condemnation or similar proceedings by landowner to obtain compensation for direct appropriation of land without the institution or conclusion of formal proceedings against specific owner, 26 A.L.R.4th 68.


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