Every recognizance or obligation acknowledged for a penal sum, with condition for the performance, by an officer, of the duties of the officer's office, or of any public trust, shall, from the caption of such recognizance, or from the time of the acknowledging and approving of such obligation, be a lien upon all the lands and tenements of the officer, being the principal obligor therein, within the county wherein such recognizance or obligation is taken or acknowledged. The recognizance or obligation shall not be a lien upon the lands and tenements of the sureties therein.