(a) It shall be unlawful for any person to knowingly or intentionally possess, use, or consume a controlled substance or a counterfeit controlled substance (except a controlled substance or counterfeit controlled substance classified in § 4714(d)(19) of this title) unless:
(1) The possession, use or consumption of such substance was by a person who obtained the substance directly from or pursuant to, a lawful prescription or order; or
(2) The possession or transfer of such substance was for medical or scientific use or purpose by persons included in any of the following classes, or the agents or employees of such persons, for use in the usual course of their business or profession or in the performance of their official duties:
a. Pharmacists.
b. Practitioners.
c. Persons who procure controlled substances in good faith and in the course of professional practice only, by or under the supervision of pharmacists or practitioners employed by them, or for the purpose of lawful research, teaching, or testing, and not for resale.
d. Hospitals and healthcare facilities that procure controlled substances for lawful administration by practitioners, but only for use by or in the particular hospital.
e. Officers or employees of state, federal, or local governments acting in their official capacity only, or informers acting under their jurisdiction.
f. Common carriers.
g. Manufacturers, wholesalers, and distributors.
h. Law-enforcement officers for bona fide law-enforcement purposes in the course of an active criminal investigation.
(3) The possession or transfer is otherwise authorized by this chapter.
(b) Any person who violates subsection (a) of this section shall be guilty of a class B misdemeanor.
(c) [Repealed.]