(a) In the case of any individual who dies while in active service as a member of the armed forces of the United States, if such death occurred while serving in a combat zone (as determined under this section) or as a result of wounds, disease or injury incurred while so serving:
(1) Any tax imposed by this chapter shall not apply with respect to the taxable year in which falls the date of death, or with respect to any prior taxable year ending on or after the first day the individual so served in a combat zone after January 1, 1960; and
(2) Any tax under this chapter and under the corresponding provisions of prior revenue laws for taxable years preceding those specified in paragraph (a)(1) of this section which is unpaid at the date of death (including interest, additions to the tax and additional amounts) shall not be assessed, and if assessed the assessment shall be abated, and if collected shall be credited or refunded as an overpayment.
(b) Definitions. — (1) Service is performed in a combat zone only if performed on or after the date designated by the President by Executive Order as the date of the commencing of combatant activities in such zone and on or before the date designated by the President by Executive Order as the date of the termination of combatant activities in such zone.
(2) The term “combat zone” means any area which the President of the United States by Executive Order designates, for purposes of this section or corresponding provisions of prior income tax laws, as an area in which armed forces of the United States are or have (after January 1, 1960) engaged in combat.
(c) In the case of any individual who dies while a member of the armed forces of the United States, if such death occurs as a result of wounds or injury which was incurred while the individual was a member of the armed forces of the United States and which was incurred outside the United States in a terroristic or military action, any tax imposed by this chapter shall not apply:
(1) With respect to the taxable year in which falls the date of death; and
(2) With respect to any prior taxable year in the period beginning with the last taxable year ending before the taxable year in which the wounds or injury were incurred.
(d) For purposes of subsection (c) of this section, the term “terroristic or military action” means any terroristic activity which a preponderance of the evidence indicates was directed against the United States or any of its allies (or threat thereof). For purposes of the preceding sentence, the term “military action” does not include training exercises. For purposes of this section, any multinational force in which the United States is participating shall be treated as an ally of the United States.