(a) (1) (A) (i) A health care practitioner authorized to prescribe, order, administer, or furnish a controlled substance shall consult the CURES database to review a patient’s controlled substance history before prescribing a Schedule II, Schedule III, or Schedule IV controlled substance to the patient for the first time and at least once every four months thereafter if the substance remains part of the treatment of the patient.
(ii) If a health care practitioner authorized to prescribe, order, administer, or furnish a controlled substance is not required, pursuant to an exemption described in subdivision (c), to consult the CURES database the first time the health care practitioner prescribes, orders, administers, or furnishes a controlled substance to a patient, the health care practitioner shall consult the CURES database to review the patient’s controlled substance history before subsequently prescribing a Schedule II, Schedule III, or Schedule IV controlled substance to the patient and at least once every four months thereafter if the substance remains part of the treatment of the patient.
(B) For purposes of this paragraph, “first time” means the initial occurrence in which a health care practitioner, in their role as a health care practitioner, intends to prescribe, order, administer, or furnish a Schedule II, Schedule III, or Schedule IV controlled substance to a patient and has not previously prescribed a controlled substance to the patient.
(2) A health care practitioner shall obtain a patient’s controlled substance history from the CURES database no earlier than 24 hours, or the previous business day, before the health care practitioner prescribes, orders, administers, or furnishes a Schedule II, Schedule III, or Schedule IV controlled substance to the patient.
(b) The duty to consult the CURES database, as described in subdivision (a), does not apply to veterinarians or pharmacists.
(c) The duty to consult the CURES database, as described in subdivision (a), does not apply to a health care practitioner in any of the following circumstances:
(1) If a health care practitioner prescribes, orders, or furnishes a controlled substance to be administered to a patient while the patient is admitted to any of the following facilities or during an emergency transfer between any of the following facilities for use while on facility premises:
(A) A licensed clinic, as described in Chapter 1 (commencing with Section 1200) of Division 2.
(B) An outpatient setting, as described in Chapter 1.3 (commencing with Section 1248) of Division 2.
(C) A health facility, as described in Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 1250) of Division 2.
(D) A county medical facility, as described in Chapter 2.5 (commencing with Section 1440) of Division 2.
(2) If a health care practitioner prescribes, orders, administers, or furnishes a controlled substance in the emergency department of a general acute care hospital and the quantity of the controlled substance does not exceed a nonrefillable seven-day supply of the controlled substance to be used in accordance with the directions for use.
(3) If a health care practitioner prescribes, orders, administers, or furnishes a controlled substance to a patient as part of the patient’s treatment for a surgical procedure and the quantity of the controlled substance does not exceed a nonrefillable five-day supply of the controlled substance to be used in accordance with the directions for use, in any of the following facilities:
(A) A licensed clinic, as described in Chapter 1 (commencing with Section 1200) of Division 2.
(B) An outpatient setting, as described in Chapter 1.3 (commencing with Section 1248) of Division 2.
(C) A health facility, as described in Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 1250) of Division 2.
(D) A county medical facility, as described in Chapter 2.5 (commencing with Section 1440) of Division 2.
(E) A place of practice, as defined in Section 1658 of the Business and Professions Code.
(4) If a health care practitioner prescribes, orders, administers, or furnishes a controlled substance to a patient currently receiving hospice care, as defined in Section 1339.40.
(5) (A) If all of the following circumstances are satisfied:
(i) It is not reasonably possible for a health care practitioner to access the information in the CURES database in a timely manner.
(ii) Another health care practitioner or designee authorized to access the CURES database is not reasonably available.
(iii) The quantity of controlled substance prescribed, ordered, administered, or furnished does not exceed a nonrefillable five-day supply of the controlled substance to be used in accordance with the directions for use and no refill of the controlled substance is allowed.
(B) A health care practitioner who does not consult the CURES database under subparagraph (A) shall document the reason they did not consult the database in the patient’s medical record.
(6) If the CURES database is not operational, as determined by the department, or cannot be accessed by a health care practitioner because of a temporary technological or electrical failure. A health care practitioner shall, without undue delay, seek to correct any cause of the temporary technological or electrical failure that is reasonably within the health care practitioner’s control.
(7) If the CURES database cannot be accessed because of technological limitations that are not reasonably within the control of a health care practitioner.
(8) If consultation of the CURES database would, as determined by the health care practitioner, result in a patient’s inability to obtain a prescription in a timely manner and thereby adversely impact the patient’s medical condition, provided that the quantity of the controlled substance does not exceed a nonrefillable five-day supply if the controlled substance were used in accordance with the directions for use.
(d) (1) A health care practitioner who fails to consult the CURES database, as described in subdivision (a), shall be referred to the appropriate state professional licensing board solely for administrative sanctions, as deemed appropriate by that board.
(2) This section does not create a private cause of action against a health care practitioner. This section does not limit a health care practitioner’s liability for the negligent failure to diagnose or treat a patient.
(e) This section is not operative until six months after the Department of Justice certifies that the CURES database is ready for statewide use and that the department has adequate staff, which, at a minimum, shall be consistent with the appropriation authorized in Schedule (6) of Item 0820-001-0001 of the Budget Act of 2016 (Chapter 23 of the Statutes of 2016), user support, and education. The department shall notify the Secretary of State and the office of the Legislative Counsel of the date of that certification.
(f) All applicable state and federal privacy laws govern the duties required by this section.
(g) The provisions of this section are severable. If any provision of this section or its application is held invalid, that invalidity shall not affect other provisions or applications that can be given effect without the invalid provision or application.
(h) This section shall become inoperative on July 1, 2021, or upon the date the department promulgates regulations to implement this section and posts those regulations on its internet website, whichever date is earlier, and, as of January 1, 2022, is repealed.
(Amended by Stats. 2019, Ch. 677, Sec. 9. (AB 528) Effective January 1, 2020. Conditionally inoperative on or before July 1, 2021. Repealed as of January 1, 2022, by its own provisions. See later operative version added by Sec. 10 of Stats. 2019, Ch. 677)