(1) Except as required by law or covered by an exception set forth in subpart B or subpart C of this part, is likely to interfere with access, exchange, or use of electronic health information; and

(2) If conducted by a health IT developer of certified health IT, health information network or health information exchange, such developer, network or exchange knows, or should know, that such practice is likely to interfere with access, exchange, or use of electronic health information; or

(3) If conducted by a health care provider, such provider knows that such practice is unreasonable and is likely to interfere with access, exchange, or use of electronic health information.