Purpose and scope.

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§ 271.1 Purpose and scope.

(a) This subpart specifies the procedures EPA will follow in approving, revising, and withdrawing approval of State programs and the requirements State programs must meet to be approved by the Administrator under sections 3006(b), (f) and (h) of RCRA.

(b) State submissions for program approval must be made in accordance with the procedures set out in this subpart.

(c) The substantive provisions which must be included in State programs for them to be approved include requirements for permitting, compliance evaluation, enforcement, public participation, and sharing of information. Many of the requirements for State programs are made applicable to States by cross-referencing other EPA regulations. In particular, many of the provisions of parts 270 and 124 are made applicable to States by the references contained in § 271.14.

(d) Upon receipt of a complete submission, EPA will conduct a public hearing, if interest is shown, and determine whether to approve or disapprove the program taking into consideration the requirements of this subpart, the Act and any comments received.

(e) The Administrator shall approve State programs which conform to the applicable requirements of this subpart.

(f) Except as provided in § 271.3(a)(3), upon approval of a State permitting program, the Administrator shall suspend the issuance of Federal permits for those activities subject to the approved State program.

(g) Any State program approved by the Administrator shall at all times be conducted in accordance with the requirements of this subpart.

(h) Partial State programs are not allowed for programs operating under RCRA final authorization. However, in many cases States will lack authority to regulate activities on Indian lands. This lack of authority does not impair a State's ability to obtain full program approval in accordance with this subpart, i.e., inability of a State to regulate activities on Indian lands does not constitute a partial program. EPA will administer the program on Indian lands if the State does not seek this authority.

Note:

States are advised to contact the United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs, concerning authority over Indian lands.

(i) Except as provided in § 271.4, nothing in this subpart precludes a State from:

(1) Adopting or enforcing requirements which are more stringent or more extensive than those required under this subpart;

(2) Operating a program with a greater scope of coverage than that required under this subpart. Where an approved State program has a greater scope of coverage than required by Federal law, the additional coverage is not part of the Federally approved program.

(j) Requirements and prohibitions which are applicable to the generation, transportation, treatment, storage, or disposal of hazardous waste and which are imposed pursuant to the Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments of 1984 (HSWA) include any requirement or prohibition which has taken effect under HSWA, such as:

(1) All regulations specified in Table 1, and

(2) The self-implementing statutory provisions specified in Table 2 that have taken effect.

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Table 1 - Regulations Implementing the Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments of 1984

Promulgation date Title of regulation Federal Register reference Effective date
Jan. 14, 1985 Dioxin-containing wastes 50 FR 1978-2006 July 15, 1985.
Apr. 30, 1985 Paint filter liquids test 50 FR 18370-5 June 14, 1985.
July 15, 1985 Codification rule [as corrected in 51 FR 2702, 1/21/86] 50 FR 28702-55 July 15, 1985.
Oct. 23, 1985 Listing wastes from the production of dinitrotoluene, toluenediamine, and toluene diisocyanate 50 FR 42936-43 Oct. 23, 1985.
Nov. 29, 1985 Standards for the management of the burning of specific wastes in specific types of facilities 50 FR 49164-212 Dec. 9, 1985.
Mar. 31, 1986.
May 29, 1986.
Dec. 31, 1985 Amendment of spent solvent listings to include solvent mixtures [as corrected in 51 FR 19176, 5/28/86] 50 FR 53315-20 Jan. 30, 1986.
Feb. 13, 1986 Listing wastes from the production of ethylene dibromide (EDB) 51FR 5327-31 Aug. 13, 1986.
Feb. 25, 1986 Listing of four spent solvents and the still bottoms from their recovery 51 FR 6537-42 Aug. 25, 1986.
Mar. 24, 1986 Regulations for generators of 100-1000 kg/mo of hazardous waste 51 FR 10146-76 Sept. 22, 1986.
July 14, 1986 Hazardous Waste Tank Regulations:1 260.10; 262.34(a)(1); 264.110; 264.140; 264.190-264.199; 265.110; 265.140; 265.190-265.200; 270.14(b); 270.16; and 270.72 (e) 51 FR 25422-86 Jan. 12, 1987.
Mar. 24, 1987.
Aug. 8, 1986 Exports of hazardous waste 51 FR 28664-86 Nov. 8, 1986.
Oct. 24, 1986 Listing Wastes from the Production and Formulation of Ethylenebisdithiocarbamic Acid (EBDC) and its Salts 51 FR 37725 Apr. 24, 1987.
Nov. 7, 1986 Land disposal restrictions for solvents and dioxins 51 FR 40572 Nov. 8, 1986.
July 8, 1987 Land disposal restrictions for California list wastes 52 FR 25760 July 8, 1987.
Sept. 23, 1987 Exception Reporting for Small Quantity Generators of Hazardous Waste 52 FR 35899 Mar. 23, 1988.
Dec. 1, 1987 Codification rule for the 1984 RCRA Amendments 52 FR 45799 Dec. 31, 1987.
Aug. 17, 1988 Land disposal restrictions for First Third wastes 53 FR 31138-222 Aug. 8, 1988.
June 23, 1989 Land Disposal Restrictions for Second Third wastes 54 FR 26594-652 June 8, 1989.
Oct. 6, 1989 Listing Wastes from the Production of Methyl Bromide 54 FR 41402-408 Apr. 6, 1990.
Dec. 11, 1989 Listing Certain Hydrocarbons Produced by Free Radical Catalyzed Processes 54 FR 50968-978 June 11, 1990.
Mar. 29, 1990 Toxicity characteristic 55 FR 11798-877 Sept. 25, 1990.
May 1, 1990 Listing Wastes from the Production of UDMH from Carboxylic Acid Hydrazides 55 FR 18496-506 Nov. 2, 1990.
June 1, 1990 Land Disposal Restrictions for Third Third wastes 55 FR 22520-720 May 8, 1990.
June 21, 1990 Process Vent and Equipment Leak Organic Air Emission Standards for Owners and Operators of Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage, and Disposal Facilities 55 FR 25454-519 Dec. 21, 1990.
Nov. 2, 1990 Petroleum refinery primary and secondary oil/water/solids separation sludge listings 55 FR 46354-397 May 2, 1991.
Dec. 6, 1990 The listing of wastes from wood preserving processes.2 55 FR 50450-490 June 6, 1991.
Dec. 31, 1990 Burning of Hazardous Waste in Boilers and Industrial Furnaces 56 FR 7134-7240 Aug. 21, 1991.
May 13, 1991 Petroleum refinery primary and secondary oil/water/solids separation sludge listings 56 FR 21959 May 2, 1991.
Aug. 19, 1991 Land disposal restrictions & generic exclusion for K061 nonwastewaters & conditional exclusion for K061 HTMR splash condenser dross residue 56 FR 41178 Aug. 8, 1991.
Jan. 29, 1992 Liners and Leak Detection for Hazardous Waste Land Disposal Units3 57 FR 3497 July 29, 1992.
June 22, 1992 Exclusion from the definition of solid waste for the recycling of hazardous wastes in the coke by-products industry 57 FR 27888 June 22, 1992.
Aug. 18, 1992 Land disposal restrictions for newly listed wastes in § 268.36 (b)-(g) 57 FR 37282 June 30, 1992.
Do Land disposal restrictions for newly listed wastes in § 268.36(a), hazardous debris, and generic exclusion for K062 and F006 nonwaste-waters ......Do Nov. 9, 1992.
Aug. 18, 1992 The listing of wastes from the production, recovery, and refining of coke by-products produced from coal 57 FR 37306 Feb. 18, 1993
Oct. 15, 1992 Listing Wastes from the Production of Chlorinated Toluenes 57 FR 47386 Apr. 15, 1993.
Nov. 18, 1992 Containerized Liquids in Landfills 57 FR 54461 May 18, 1992.
Nov. 24, 1992 Toxicity Characteristic Revision 57 FR 55117 Nov. 24, 1992.
Feb. 16, 1993 Corrective Action Management Units and Temporary Units; Corrective Action Provisions under Subtitle C 58 FR 8685 Apr. 19, 1993.
May 24, 1993 Land disposal restrictions for characteristic wastes whose treatment standards were vacated 58 FR 29887 Aug. 9, 1993.
Nov. 9, 1993 Burning of hazardous waste in boilers and industrial furnaces 58 FR 59603 Oct. 15, 1993.
Sept. 19, 1994 Land Disposal Restrictions Phase II - Universal Treatment Standards, and Treatment Standards for Organic Toxicity Characteristic Wastes and Newly Listed Wastes4 in § 268.38 47982-48110 Dec. 19, 1994.
Dec. 6, 1994 Air Emission Standards for Tanks, Surface Impoundments, and Containers 59 FR 62896-62953 Dec. 6, 1996.
Feb. 9, 1995 Listing Wastes from the Production of Carbamates 60 FR 7856 Aug. 9, 1995.
July 11, 1995 Containerized Liquids in Landfills 60 FR 35706 Sept. 11, 1995.
Apr. 8, 1996 Land Disposal Restrictions Phase III - Decharacterized Wastewaters, Carbamate Wastes, and Spent Aluminum Potliners in § 268.39 61 FR 15660 July 8, 1996.
July 1, 1996 Revisions to Criteria applicable to solid waste facilities that may accept CESQG hazardous wastes, excluding MSWLF's 61 FR 34278 Jan. 1, 1998.
Aug. 26, 1996 Emergency Revision of the Land Disposal Restrictions (LDR) Phase III Treatment Standards for Listed Hazardous Wastes from Carbamate Production 61 FR 43931. Aug. 26, 1996 until Aug. 26, 1997.
May 12, 1997 Land Disposal Restrictions for Wood Preserving Wastes and Paperwork Reductions 62 FR 26040 Aug. 11, 1997.
June 17, 1997 Vacated Carbamate wastes 62 FR 32979 Aug. 9, 1995.
Aug. 28, 1997 Second Emergency Revision of the Land Disposal Restrictions (LDR) Phase III Treatment Standards for Listed Hazardous Wastes from Carbamate Production. 62 FR 45572 Aug. 26, 1997 until Aug. 26, 1998.
May 4, 1998 Listing of Organobromine Production Wastes 63 FR 24627 Nov. 4, 1998.
May 26, 1998 Land Disposal Restrictions Phase IV Final Rule 63 FR 28753 Aug. 24, 1998.
Aug. 6, 1998 Petroleum Refining Process Wastes 63 FR 42188 Feb. 8, 1999.
Sept. 4, 1998 Emergency Revision of the Land Disposal Restrictions (LDR) Phase III Treatment Standards for Listed Hazardous Wastes from Carbamate Production 63 FR 47418 Sept. 4, 1998.
Sept. 21, 1998 Treatment Standards for Hazardous Waste K088 63 FR 51267 Sept. 21, 1998.
Nov. 30, 1998 Hazardous Remediation Waste Management Requirements5 63 FR 65947 June 1, 1999.
Sept. 30, 1999 Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Hazardous Waste Combustors 64 FR 53077 Sept. 30, 1999.
Mar. 17, 2000 Vacated Organobromine wastes 65 FR 14475 Nov. 4, 1998.
Sept. 29, 2000 Listing of Hazardous Wastes K174 and K175 65 FR 67132 May 7, 2001.
Oct. 31, 2001 Listing of Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing Wastes 67 FR 58299 May 20, 2002.
Feb. 13, 2002 Interim Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Hazardous Waste Combustors 67 FR 6818, Feb. 13, 2002 Feb. 13, 2002.
Sept. 30, 2002 Land Disposal Restrictions: National Treatment Variance to Designate New Treatment Subcategories for Radioactively Contaminated Cadmium-, Mercury-, and Silver-Containing Batteries 67 FR 62624, Oct. 7, 2002 Nov. 21, 2002
Jan. 22, 2002 Corrective Action
Management Unit
Standards
Amendments
67 FR 3029, Jan. 22, 2002 April 22, 2002.
July 15, 2002 Elimination of LDR Treatment Standards Exemption for K061-Derived Fertilizers July 24, 2002 Jan. 24, 2003.
Feb. 15, 2005 Listing of Hazards Waste K181 70 FR 9179 Aug. 23, 2005
Mar. 4, 2005 Waste Minimization Certification in the Revised Manifest Rule 70 FR 10825 Sept. 6, 2005.
July 14, 2005 Process Vent and Equipment Leak Organic Air Emission Standards for Owners and of Operators of Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage, and Disposal Facilities 70 FR 34538 July 14, 2005.
July 14, 2005 Burning of Hazardous Waste in Boilers and Industrial Furnaces 70 FR 34538 July 14, 2005
July 14, 2005 Air Emission Standards Tanks, Surface Impoundments, Containers 70 FR 34538 July 14, 2005.
Oct. 12, 2005 Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Hazardous Waste Combustors 70 FR 59402 Oct. 12, 2005.
May 4, 2006 Office of Resource Conservation and Recovery Burden Reduction Project 71 FR 16862-16915 May 4, 2006.
July 28, 2006 Final Rule for Cathode Ray Tubes 71 FR 42949 Jan. 29, 2007.
Jan. 8, 2010 Exports of hazardous waste 75 FR 1262 July 7, 2010.
June 13, 2011 Land Disposal Restrictions: Revision of the Treatment Standards for Carbamate Hazardous Wastes 76 FR [Insert page number] 8/12/11.
Nov. 28, 2016 Hazardous Waste Export-Import Revisions 81 FR 85728 December 31, 2016.
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Table 2 - Self-Implementing Provisions of the Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments of 1984

Effective date Self-implementing provision RCRA citation Federal Register reference
Nov. 8, 1984 Delisting procedures 3001(f) July 15, 1985, 50 FR 28702-55.
Do Waste disposal for small quantity generators prior to March 31, 1986 3001(d)(5) Do.
Do Prohibition of disposal in salt domes, salt beds and underground mines and caves 3004(b) Do.
Do Land disposal prohibition not applicable to contaminated soil or debris from a CERCLA response action or a RCRA corrective action prior to November 8, 1988 3004(d)(3) Do.
Do Loss of interim status 3005(c)(2)(C) & (e)(2)-(3) Do.
Do Storage of wastes prohibited from land disposal 3004(j) & 3005(j)(11) Do.
Do Prohibition of waste and used oil as dust suppressant 3004(l) Do.
Do Minimum technological requirements for new and expanding surface impoundments, landfills and incinerators 3004(o) Do.
Do Ground water monitoring 3004(p) Do.
Do Prohibition for burning fuels containing hazardous waste in any cement kilns 3004(q)(2)(C) Do.
Do Financial responsibility for liability of guarantor when owner/operator is in bankruptcy 3004(t)(2)-(3) Do.
Do Corrective action 3004(u) Do.
Do Review of land disposal permits every 5 years 3005(c)(3) Do.
Do Permit terms and conditions necessary to protect human health and the environment 3005(c)(3) Do.
Do Research, development, and demonstration permits 3005(g) Do.
Do Interim status facilities receiving waste after July 26, 1982 3005(i) Do.
Do Deadline for surface impoundment retrofit exemption application 3005(j)(5) Do.
Feb. 7, 1985 Fuel labeling requirements 3004(r) Do.
May 8, 1985 Prohibition of liquids in landfills 3004(c)(1) Do.
Do Expansions during interim status for waste piles 3015(a) Do.
Do Expansions during interim status for landfills and surface impoundments 3015(b) Do.
Do Interim control of hazardous waste disposed of by underground injection 7010(a) Do.
Aug. 5, 1985 Small quantity generator manifest requirements 3001(d)(3) Do.
Aug. 8, 1985 Exposure assessments to accompany landfill and surface impoundment permit applications 3019(a) Do.
Sept. 1, 1985 Waste minimization certification on manifest 3002(b) Do.
Do Waste minimization permit condition 3005(h) Do.
Nov. 8, 1985 Prohibition of non-hazardous liquids in landfills 3004(c)(3) Do.
Do Notification of hazardous waste export 3017(c) Do.
Feb. 8, 19861 Notification requirements for producers, burners, blenders, distributors and marketers of waste derived fuel 3010(a) Nov. 29, 1985, 50 FR 49164-211.
Mar. 31, 19862 Small quantity generator requirements 3001(d)(8) Mar. 24, 1986, 51 FR 10146-78.
Nov. 8, 1986 Land disposal prohibitions on dioxins and F001-F005 solvents 3004(e) Nov. 7, 1986, 51 FR 40572.
Do Temporary granting of exclusion petitions ceases 3001(f)(2)(B)
Do Export of hazardous waste 3017(a) Aug. 8, 1986, 51 FR 28664-86.
July 8, 1987 Land disposal restrictions for California list wastes 3004(d) July 8, 1987, 52 FR 25760.
Sept. 23, 1987 Exception reporting for small quantity generators of hazardous waste 52 FR 35899 Mar. 23, 1988.
Aug. 8, 1988 Prohibition on California wastes, dioxins, and solvents in deep injection wells 3004(f)(3)
Do Land disposal restrictions of 13 of listed wastes 3004(g)(6)(A) Aug. 17, 1988, 53 FR 31138-222.
Nov. 8, 1988 Prohibition on wastes in existing surface impoundments unless double lined 3005(j)
June 8, 1989 Prohibition on land disposal of 23 of listed wastes 3004(g)(6)(B) June 23, 1989, 54 FR 26594-652.
May 8, 1990 Prohibition on land disposal of 3/3 of listed wastes 3004(g)(6)(C) June 1, 1990, 55 FR 22520-720.
Aug. 8, 1991 Prohibition on land disposal of K061 high zinc nonwastewaters 3004(g)(6)(A) Aug. 19, 1991, 56 FR 41178.
June 30, 1992 Surface Impoundment Retrofit 37282 Aug. 18, 1992, 57 FR 37282.
Nov. 9, 1992 Prohibition on land disposal of hazardous debris and newly listed wastes ......Do Aug. 18, 1992, 57 FR 37282.
Feb. 18, 1993 Containment buildings ......Do Aug. 18, 1992, 57 FR 37282.
Aug. 9, 1993 Prohibition on land disposal of characteristic wastes whose treatment standards were vacated 3004(g)(6)(c) May 24, 1993, 58 FR 29887.
Dec. 19, 1994 Prohibition on land disposal of newly listed and identified wastes 3004(g)(4)(C) and 3004(m) Sept. 19, 1994, 59 FR 47982-48110.
Sept. 19, 1995 Establishment of treatment standards for D001 and D012-D017 wastes injected into nonhazardous deep wells 3004(m) Do.
Apr. 8, 1996 Prohibition on land disposal of K088 wastes 3004(m) Apr. 8, 1996, 61 FR 15660.
July 8, 1996 Prohibition on land disposal of carbamate wastes 3004(m) Apr. 8, 1996, 61 FR 15660.
July 8, 1996 Prohibition on land disposal of carbamate wastes (Vacated wastes) 3004(m) June 17, 1997, 62 FR 32979.
Sept. 6, 1996 Prohibition on land disposal of radioactive waste mixed with the newly listed or identified wastes, including soil and debris 3004(g)(4)(C) and 3004(m) Sept. 19, 1994, 59 FR 47982-48110.
Oct. 8, 1996 Prohibition on land disposal of K088 wastes 3004(m) Apr. 8, 1998, 61 FR 15660.
Dec. 6, 1996 Air Emission Standards for Tanks, Surface Impoundments, and Containers 3004(n) Dec. 6, 1994, 59 FR 62896-62953.
Aug. 11, 1997 Prohibition on land disposal of wood preserving wastes 3004(g)(4)(c) and 3004 (m) May 12, 1997,
62 FR 26040.
Apr. 8, 1998 Prohibition on disposal of radioactive waste mixed with newly listed or identified wastes, including soil and debris (Vacated carbamate wastes) 3304(g)(4)(c) and 3004(m) June 17, 1997, 62 FR 32979.
Aug. 24, 1998 Prohibition on land disposal of newly identified wastes, including TC metal wastes and characteristic mineral processing wastes; treatment standards for contaminated soil. 3004(m) May 26, 1998, 63 FR 28753.
Sept. 4, 1998 Emergency Revision of the Land Disposal Restrictions (LDR) Phase III Treatment Standards for Listed Hazardous Wastes from Carbamate Production 3004(m) Sept. 4, 1998, 63 FR 47418.
Sept. 21, 1998 Prohibition on land disposal of K088 wastes, and prohibition on land disposal of radioactive waste mixed with K088 wastes, including soil and debris 3004(g)(4)(C) and 3004(m) Sept. 24, 1998, 63 FR 51267.
Nov. 4, 1998 Prohibition on land disposal of newly listed and identified wastes. 3004(g)(4)(C) and 3004(m) May 4, 1998, 63 FR 24596.
Nov. 4, 1998 Prohibition on land disposal of radioactive waste mixed with the newly listed and identified wastes, including soil and debris 3004(m) 3004(g)(4)(C) and 3004(m) May 4, 1998, 63 FR 24596.
Nov. 4, 1998 Prohibition on land disposal of organobromine waste (Vacated wastes) 3004(g)(4)(c) and 3004(m) Mar. 17, 2000, 65 FR 14475.
Nov. 4, 1998 Prohibition on land disposal of radioactive waste mixed with the newly listed and identified wastes, including soil and debris (Vacated organobromine wastes) 3004(m) and 3004(g)(4)(c) Mar. 17, 2000, 65 FR 14475.
Feb. 8, 1999 Prohibition on land disposal of newly listed and identified wastes; and prohibition on land disposal of radioactive waste mixed with the newly listed or identified wastes, including soil and debris 3004(g)(4)(C) and 3004(m) Aug. 6, 1998, 63 FR 42188.
May 12, 1999 Prohibition on land disposal of radioactive waste and soil and debris mixed with wood preserving wastes 3004(m) May 12, 1997, 62 FR 26040.
May 26, 2000 Prohibition on land disposal of newly identified wastes from elemental phosphorus processing and mixed radioactive and newly identified TC metal/mineral processing wastes (including soil and debris).
Prohibition on underground injection of newly identified mineral processing wastes from titanium dioxide production.
3004(m) May 26, 1998, 63 FR 28753.
May 7, 2001 Prohibition on land disposal of K174 and K175 wastes, and prohibition on land disposal of radioactive waste mixed with K174 and K175 wastes, including soil and debris. 3004(g)(4)(C) and 3004(m) Nov. 8, 2000, 65 FR 67132.
May 20, 2002 Prohibition on land disposal of K176, K177, and K178 wastes, and prohibition on land disposal of radioactive waste mixed with K176, K177, and K178 wastes, including soil and debris 3004(g)(4)(C) and 3004(m) Nov. 20, 2002, 66 FR 28299.
Jan. 24, 2003 Elimination of LDR Treatment Standards Exemption for K061 Derived Fertilizers 3004(g)(6) July 24, 2002, 66 FR 48414.
Aug. 23, 2005 Prohibition on land disposal of K181 waste, and prohibition on land disposal of radioactive waste mixed with K181 wastes, including soil and debris 3004(g)(4)(C) and 3004(m) Feb. 24, 2005, 70 FR 9179.
July 7, 2010 Exports of hazardous waste 3017(a) 75 FR 1262
August 12, 2011 Land Disposal Restrictions: Revision of the Treatment Standards for Carbamate Hazardous Wastes 3004(m) 76 FR [Insert Page Numbers]
December 31, 2016 Hazardous Waste Export-Import Revisions 3017(a) 81 FR 85728

[48 FR 14248, Apr. 1, 1983]


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